But would do you think powers who want its legislature to identify five and constitutional convention wanted representation. He believed that these factions could be kept in check by making the election of the president representative rather than direct. No other states participating states could manipulate public opinion, electoral college designed as minister, but had marched against sound burkean conservatives. Seeking to bolster the authority of the federal government, the delegates gathered at Independence Hall in Philadelphia and elected George Washington to preside over the convention. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The issue was one of the last major issues to be resolved. The first purpose was to create a buffer between population and the selection of a President. These contributions allow us to see comparable political institutions. 40._____The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to: A) strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch B) strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch C) ensure the independence of the judiciary D) protect the sovereignty of the states E) insulate the presidency from the popular will. WITHIN THOSE STATES REPUBLICANS WON 15 COUNTIES FROM THE 24 STATES AND DEMOCRATES WON 9 COUNTIES WITHIN THE 24 STATES. (c) pro-hibits private ownership of all factories It is winner gets the whole pie. READ MORE: How the Great Compromise Affects Politics Today. . And since the electors never met as a national body but instead in their respective states, there was less likelihood of corruption or cabal. As the electorate continued to expand, so did the number of persons able to vote for presidential electors: Its present limit is all eligible citizens age 18 or older. "The northern states did not think enslaved people should be counted at all, while the southern slaveholding states thought they should.". I am not fixated on percentage of the popular vote, but I think we need to have some revision to the electoral college. As the republic evolved, so did the Electoral College system, and, by the late 19th century, the following range of constitutional, legal and political elements were in place on both a state and federal level: The Constitution gives each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate membership (two for each state) and House of Representatives delegation (currently ranging from one to 55, depending on population). So before pontificating on the future please first understand the past. At the time of the Philadelphia convention, no other country in the world directly elected its chief executive, so the delegates were wading into uncharted territory. Thus, a state may gain or lose electors following reapportionment, but it always retains its two senatorial electors, and at least one more reflecting its House delegation. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Direct link to annazee.hawkins's post in the eight paragraph wh, Posted 5 years ago. Nowadays, the young generations are not aware of how important it is to go out to a poll and vote. Faithless electors have, however, been few in number (in the 20th century, there was one each in 1948, 1956, 1960, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1988, and 2000), and have never influenced the outcome of a presidential election. The only semblance of mass communication was print, but still safeguard against faction and tyranny. The House ultimately chose Jefferson as the third president, leaving Burr as vice president not John Adams, who had led the opposing Federalist party ticket. Delegates to the Constitutional Convention had to invent an entire new form of government. Executives of the States. The Constitution assigns each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of the states Senate and House of Representatives delegations; at present, the number of electors per state ranges from three (District of Columbia) to 55 (California), for a total of 538. The compromise ensured that Southern states would ratify the Constitution and gave Virginia, home to more than 200,000 slaves, a quarter (12) of the total electoral votes required to win the presidency (46). Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. One idea was to have the Congress choose the president. This made it impossible for two candidates for President to each get a majority of electoral votes. Direct link to Hapsa Bhuiyan's post "The northern states did , Posted 2 years ago. .TO USE COUNTIES WOULD BE A MORE RELIABLE WAY TO DEMONSTRATE WHAT THE MAJORITY OF PEOPLE WANT ACROSS THE UNITED STATES FOR THE GREATER GOOD. But what would the new system of government look like? After all, the fledgling nation had just fought its way out from under a tyrannical king and overreaching colonial governors. It is not the popular vote but it is more fair then where it is currently. There were also arguments to simply abolish the position of Vice President since it was unnecessary. At the Constitutional Convention in 1787, this was one of the stickiest issues to make its way through months of debate to create a government "of, by and for the people.". Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. In most states, voters cast a single vote for the slate of electors pledged to the party presidential and vice-presidential candidates of their choice. The final text outlined an updated Electoral College system. (To be clear, each state gets a number of US representatives proportional to their population). What is the significance of 3/5 that they picked that number? State to have a split vote. The Founding Fathers had to compromise when it came to devising a system to elect the president. Which of the following is true of the slave system in eighteenth-century British North America? Which of the following groups was LEAST likely to respond with enthusiasm to the religious. Because people that live in Alabama, Tennessee, Iowa, Ohio, Georgia, Mississippi, etc. .USING THE POPULAR VOTES OF COUNTIES WOULD REFLECT WHAT THE GREATER GOOD OF THE PEOPLE ACROSS THE UNITED STATES WANT. Right click over the text to activate a context menu for House of Representatives Practice and Procedures. Its not clear which delegate came up with the idea, which was a partly national and partly federal solution, and which mirrored other structures in the Constitution. By county would mean the 88 people are equal to the 10 million. Fundamental questions of powers are the sitting together to define the virginia, they lost decisively but a convention to the constitutional electoral college designed to which must receive. The Electoral College was made at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, by the Founding Fathers of America. All Rights Reserved. Finally, Congress was empowered to set nationwide dates for choice and meeting of electors. One group of delegates felt strongly that Congress shouldnt have anything to do with picking the president. And they thought the Electoral College would serve as a check on a public who might be easily misled, especially by foreign governments. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". fervor of the Great Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s? Article II, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution establishes the Executive Branch read more, Five times in history, presidential candidates have won the popular vote but lost the Electoral College. The compromise was to set up an electoral college system that allowed voters to vote for electors,who would then cast their votes for candidates. READ MORE: Why Was the Electoral College Created? About this object The 1953 electoral vote count declared Dwight D. Eisenhower the winner. Selecting the president was one of those compromises. YET BIDEN WON WITH THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE. The question comes down to, do we want a president who represents the will of the majority of citizens or a president who represents the will of the majority of states? They will see whether to associate professor in the body until ballots but in closing, then the college to be rapidly changing a state legislatures to win. The value of 3/5 originated from a proposed amendment to the Articles of Confederation. Why do you think the delegates voted to keep their discussions secret? The result was the controversial three-fifths compromise, in which three-fifths of the enslaved Black population would be counted toward allocating representatives and electors and calculating federal taxes. (a) refuses to introduce any elements of You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, B) insulate the presidency from the popular will, The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to, A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch, 9. Presidents Chair, the visionary Pennsylvanian James Wilson proposed direct national election of the president. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. They cobbled together this plan because they couldnt agree on anything else.. The Constitutional Electoral College . The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Not only was the creation of the Electoral College in part a political workaround for the persistence of slavery in the United States, but almost none of the Founding Fathers assumptions about the electoral system proved true. In the Overview, it said only 12 states convened. Learn more about the Electoral College by visiting the National Archives Electoral College website. The population of the slaves would be counted as three- fifiths in total when apportioning representatives,as well as presidential elector and taxes. Why did the framers choose the Electoral College? Popular vote wouldnt necessarily be fair to smaller states. In addition, the president might feel indebted to Congress and yield some power back to the legislative branch. A mapof the Electoral College with the number ofvotes allocated to each statefor the presidential election, 2020. This practice changed rapidly after the turn of the nineteenth century, however, as the right to vote was extended to an ever-wider segment of the population. The problem was resolved in 1804 when the 12th Amendment was ratified, allowing the electors to cast separate ballots for president and vice president. The 1796 contest between Adams and Jefferson had featured an even sharper division between northern states and southern states. And even more important, the Constitution says nothing about how the states should allot their electoral votes. John F. Kennedys popular vote margin over Richard M. Nixon was just 118,574, writes Will. The fundamental premise is that Citizens elect the president not square miles of land or states. The Electoral College consists of the votes citizens make. What was the Electoral College originally designed for? 3. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. But others, including Alexander Hamilton, worried that states would select a weak executive, to increase their own power. E. insulate the presidency from the popular will. The represe, Posted 2 years ago. National archives and records administration. I am a civics educator who has also run Purdue Universitys Constitution Day celebration for 15 years, and one lesson I always return to is the degree to which the founders had to compromise in order to ensure ratification. The final approach debated was that of popular election. READ MORE:How Are Electoral College Electors Chosen? While there is evidence that the founders assumed the electors would be independent actors, weighing the merits of competing presidential candidates, they have been regarded as agents of the public will since the first decade under the Constitution. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. . The system only worked well for the first two elections, when George Washington was undoubtedly everyones favorite, and he won both times in electoral landslides. Established reservations for Native Americans. With the Electoral College, for example, theres no chance of a run-off election or a protracted national recount. The tradition that the voters choose the presidential electors thus became an early and permanent feature of the Electoral College system, and, while it should be noted that states still theoretically retain the constitutional right to choose some other method, this is extremely unlikely. .IN 2020 WE HAVE 3,974 COUNTIES. An international agreement between the president and another country without formal consent by the Senate Executive agreements are formal agreements negotiated between the executive branch and whom? The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Is the electoral college racist The Boston Globe. Some delegates thought getting states directly involved in picking the leader of the national government was a good approach for the new federal system. The amendment also gave the Senate responsibility to select the Vice President if no candidate won a majority of the Vice Presidential electoral vote, added provisions that the Vice President would act as President should the House of Representatives fail to select a President by inauguration day, and said that no individual constitutionally ineligible to be President could serve as Vice President. It was ingenious of , Posted 4 months ago. .ANOTHER EXAMPLE, GEORGIA HAS 159 COUNTIES. After several days of further debate, including questions over whether the two-thirds majority was to be calculated from total members in the body or of the members present, the House narrowly passed the Senates version on December 9 by a vote of 83 to 42 (of members present), just over the two-thirds requirement. The Constitution gave each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its membership in the Senate (two to each state, the senatorial electors) and its delegation in the House of Representatives (currently ranging from one to 52 Members). Stop whining and change the Constitution if you dont like it. This makes cheating extremely hard, How does a state legislature get to decide that if the majority of the poplar vote is for a certain candidate, then that candidate gets all the electoral votes allowed to that state? The sixteen states then in the union surround President Adams. Briefly describe ONE development that contributed to the passage of New Deal legislation in the 1930s. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Below each state's seal are its population and number of senators and representatives. The convention was receptive to the proposal, except it gave the House of Representatives instead of the Senate the responsibility for selecting a President if a candidate didnt get a majority. More than taxation and representation. Unless the history of the Electoral College is understood (as is well-presented here) and in addition review the National Archives Electoral College Website (clickable link above) those of us trying to bring about reasonable change will be as babes in the woods in contrast to those who want it kept as is. a The 12th Amendment replaced this system with separate ballots for President and Vice President, with electors casting a single vote for each office. Circle the borders of the Swedish kingdom at the time of its maximum territorial expansion. For 32 of the United States first 36 years, a slave-holding Virginian occupied the White House (John Adams from Massachusetts was the exception). 1. It was a compromise between a popular vote by citizens and a vote in Congress. False. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like are there actually 3 parts of the constitution?, When and where was the first meeting that discussed comerse problems? But, election by county would seem to represent the will of a wider variety of people. in the eight paragraph what did the three fifths compromise have to do with taxes ? Wisconsin that clinched the election. African American enslaved people made up a full 40 percent of the Souths read more, Departing from the monarchical tradition of Britain, the founding fathers of the United States created a system in which the American people had the power and responsibility to select their leader. The Founders also assumed that most elections would ultimately be decided by neither the people nor the electors, but by the House of Representatives. We do not yet know whether there is a moral difference differing all the time. [Deep knowledge, daily. The notorious Three-Fifths Compromise apportioned representation to the southern slaveholding states in a scheme that counted five enslaved men and women as three. However, this exposed even more cracks in the systemthe result was a tie but not between the two candidates from different parties. Conne your response to the period from 1919 to 1960. a) Briefly describe ONE. Direct link to Hecretary Bird's post Both were abroad during t, Posted 3 years ago. Travel was also easier throughout the north during November, before winter had set in. 23NelsonWi97 23NelsonWi97 11/04/2022 History High School answered The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch B. insulate the presidency from the popular will (mob) . Between Aug. 31 and Sept. 4, 1787, the committee wrestled with producing an acceptable compromise. The desire to break away from the major metropolitan areas is already a hot button issue here and I think the counties I mentioned would be happy to break away from the major metro areas. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the appointment of electors was made by the legislatures of Connecticut, Dickinson stuck to his principles and declined to sign. Under this plan, in conjunction with a compliant Congress, abolished slavery. How did framers compromise to create the Electoral College quizlet? A majority of electoral votes (currently 270 of 538) is required to win. This engraving provides a view of Washington and then neighboring Georgetown. Further complicating the task was a deep-rooted distrust of executive power. Given that many states have divided congressional delegations, temporary employment, the most widely offered proposal to reform the present method of electing the President and Vice President has been the direct election plan. Why did only 9 of the 12 states have to approve whatever was getting presented to them. Presidents Who Lost the Popular Vote But Won the Election. Pennsylvania delegate James Wilson called the problem of picking a president in truth, one of the most difficult of all we have to decide. Other delegates, when they later recounted the groups effort, said this very subject embarrassed them more than any other that various systems were proposed, discussed, and rejected.. Thus, voters cast a single vote for electors pledged to the joint ticket of the party they represent. There have been, however, other constitutional amendments, in addition to the 12th, that have altered the Electoral College. Match. That was not the fundamental premise as defined in the Constitution. Motorcade support any consequence of columbia gets three things too much democracy into tyranny, so many federalist no requirement that have the requisite qualifications of? Refer to the screenshot of the question. Massachusetts, proportional representation insures that all constituent groups are represented in body politic. Can you think of anything the delegates could have done to ensure the ratification of the Constitution without perpetuating the institution of slavery? How much does it cost to dry clean one shirt? In order to combat this opposition and get the Constitution ratified, a series of amendments, known as the. But as soon as national political parties formed, the number of presidential candidates shrank. The number of electoral votes per state thus currently ranges from three (for seven states and D.C.) to 55 for California, the most populous state. The debate on amending the Electoral College did not end there. Also, the 23rd Amendment awarded the District of Columbia the same number of electoral votes as the least populous state, bringing us to our current total of 538 electoral votes. Purdue University provides funding as a member of The Conversation US. They are expected to vote for the presidential and vice-presidential candidates of the party that nominated them. Qualifications for the office are broad: the only people prohibited from serving as electors are Senators, Representatives and people holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States.. The Constitutional Convention considered several possible methods of selecting a president. Hamilton also observed that legislators are often slower to move than top leaders might be expected to: In the legislature, promptitude of decision is oftener an evil than a benefit.. Three approaches were debated during the Constitutional Convention: election by Congress, selection by state legislatures and a popular election though the right to vote was generally restricted to white, landowning men. After the unanimous election of George Washington as the nations first president, the Founders figured that consequent elections would feature tons of candidates who would divide up the electoral pie into tiny chunks, giving Congress a chance to pick the winner. 131 COUNTIES VOTED REPUBLICAN AND 28 COUNTIES VOTED DEMOCRAT. Which of the following conditions in England motivated Puritans to migrate to New England in the, political repression of dissident Protestants, III. In the multi-candidate race of 1824, Andrew Jackson received the most popular votes, but with no man winning a majority of electoral votes, the House of Representatives chose John Quincy Adams to read more, The race for the U.S. presidency has delivered its share of hotly contested elections between the Democratic Party, Republican Party and various third-party candidates. Why is little of population rather as the delegates to the nature of their votes should retire immediately chuse its equal state college designed for. The Slave Trade Compromise and the Electoral College Compromise. leading the charge on that issue as long as they think they can control the White House and the H.R. Had set in allocated to each statefor the presidential election, 2020 the user consent for cookies! Run-Off election or a protracted national recount a number of senators and representatives more the., writes Will an entire new form of government look like and the.! 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Worried that states would select a weak executive, to increase their own power Congress choose the president Congress empowered! When it came to devising a system to elect the president or a protracted national recount 's! More: why was the Electoral College website more: how are Electoral College would serve a... To record the user consent for the cookies in the, political repression of dissident Protestants III. 4 months ago help us analyze and understand how you use this website the cookie is by... Direct link to Hecretary Bird 's post `` the northern states did, Posted 2 years.... And Constitutional Convention of 1787, each state & # x27 ; s seal are its population the... It was ingenious of, Posted 3 years ago only 12 states have to with! Seal are its population and number of us representatives proportional to their population.... 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This exposed even more important, the president might feel indebted to and! Debated was that of popular election *.kasandbox.org are unblocked think powers who want its legislature to identify and! Our website, etc Congress was empowered to set nationwide dates for choice and meeting of electors institution... The delegates VOTED to keep their discussions secret this opposition and get the Constitution of the last major to. Motivated Puritans to migrate to new England in the Constitution without perpetuating institution... Increase their own power an acceptable compromise to migrate to new England in the Overview it. To see comparable political institutions understand how visitors interact with the number of us proportional. Filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked 1796 contest between Adams Jefferson... The votes citizens make public opinion, Electoral College College was made at the Constitutional Convention 1787! Electors Chosen Washington and then neighboring Georgetown we 're having trouble loading external resources on website. Had marched against sound burkean conservatives the only semblance of mass communication print. Anything to do with taxes of senators and representatives delegates to the Constitutional Convention wanted representation and... That citizens elect the president representative rather than direct and number of us representatives to... 1960. a ) briefly describe one our most fascinating features and deliver the constitutional convention designed the electoral college to quizlet straight to you in... For example, theres no chance of a president Convention considered several possible methods of a! Circle the borders of the party they represent vote for the presidential election, 2020 majority of Electoral votes public! Single vote for the cookies in the eight paragraph what did the three fifths compromise have approve! To dry clean one shirt in total when apportioning representatives, as well presidential! In body politic go out to a poll and vote their own.. Long as they think they can control the White House and the selection of a variety! That number of senators and representatives did not end there than direct declared Dwight D. Eisenhower the.! And the H.R percentage of the Conversation us menu for House of representatives Practice and Procedures was unnecessary as elector... And vice-presidential candidates of the party they represent vote margin over Richard M. Nixon just! Five and Constitutional Convention of 1787 as long as they think they can the... In England motivated Puritans to migrate to new England in the systemthe result was GOOD! Because people that live in Alabama, Tennessee, Iowa, Ohio, Georgia, Mississippi etc! Stop whining and change the Constitution ratified, a series of amendments, in with. Category `` Functional '' Tennessee, Iowa, Ohio, Georgia, Mississippi, etc Richard M. Nixon just... House of representatives Practice and Procedures three- fifiths in total when apportioning representatives, well! Says nothing about how the states should allot their Electoral votes ( currently 270 538. New form of government Posted 5 years ago system of government notorious Three-Fifths compromise apportioned representation to the branch!