A Waldensian "school" (a home that served as a meetinghouse) in the cold barren hills of what is now the far northwestern corner of Italy, next to Switzerland and France. In 2015, after a historic visit to a Waldensian Temple in Turin, Pope Francis, in the name of the Catholic Church, asked Waldensian Christians for forgiveness for their persecution. Fathers were marched to death with the heads of their sons suspended round their necks. Today the AWS and its Board of Directors are concentrating its witness into these priorities of the Waldensian Church: Integration of and advocacy for Third World refugees and immigrants, Expanded presence in the culture through Diaconal (caring) ministries, Increased solidarity with suffering peoples and sister churches in Latin America, Africa and the former Eastern Europe, Commitment to ecumenical initiatives through participation in the work of European and Latin American councils of churches, the World Council of Churches, the Alliance of Reformed Churches, and the World Methodist Council, 208 Rodoret Street South | PO Box 398 | Valdese, NC 28690. They were able to enter the country because they made a fortunate connection with a man. Waldensian Presbyterian Church is shown circa 1985. [53], One school of thought attempts to associate Vigilantius with proto-Waldensians in the European Alps. Location. [132], The American Waldensian Society assists churches, organizations and families in the promotion of Waldensian history and culture. The group would shelter the barba and help make arrangements to move on to the next town in secret. The most well-known Waldensian Churches in America were in New York, Monett, Missouri and in Valdese, North Carolina. In the 17th to the 19th centuries, Dutch and German Mennonite writers like van Braght, Martyrs Mirror (1660)[86] and Steven Blaupot ten Cate, Geschiedkundig onderzoek (1844),[87][88] linked Anabaptist origins to the Waldensians. Answer. The photo was included in its application for the National Register of Historic Places. Editor's note: For more than a decade, the Rev. [112] 1949, Guglielmo Del Pesco (18891951), moderator of the Tavola Valdese (Waldensian round table), was invited back to Maulbronn, celebrating the 250th anniversary of the Waldensian emigration to Germany. Several thousand Waldenses fled from Italy and France to Germany. They put up a brave fight over the next six weeks, but by the time the Duke retired to Turin on 8 June, the war seemed decided: 2,000 Waldensians had been killed; another 2,000 had "accepted" the Catholic theology of the Council of Trent. The church has also attracted intellectuals as new adherents and supporters and enjoys significant financial support from non-adherent Italians. The most well known Waldensian Churches in America were in New York, Monett, Missouri and in Valdese, North Carolina. Economic and social integration have eased acceptance of ethnic Waldensians into Italian society. The Waldensians in turn excommunicated Pope Benedict XI.[59]. The French Bible, translated by Pierre Robert Olivtan with the help of Calvin and published at Neuchtel in 1535, was based in part on a New Testament in the Waldensian vernacular. Part of their legacy is recognized as works of the writer Henri Arnaud. In 1848, after many centuries of harsh persecution, the Waldensians acquired legal freedom in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia as a result of the liberalising reforms which followed Charles Albert of Sardinia's granting a constitution (the Statuto Albertino). 33 During Fascism (1922-1945), the . Because they agree with us that heaven is a paradox, a metaphor. Gretser, J. For example, over the course of 45years, the Old Colony Players in Valdese, North Carolina, have staged From this Day Forward, an outdoor drama telling the story of the Waldenses and the founding of Valdese.[126]. On 24April 1655, at 4a.m., the signal was given for a general massacre. Pope Alexander in 1167 at the Third Council of the Lateran lamented the Waldenses as a "pest of long existence". [131], The best known Waldensian Churches in America were in New York, Monett, Missouri and in Valdese, North Carolina. During the Nazi occupation of North Italy in the Second World War, Italian Waldensians were active in saving Jews faced with imminent extermination, hiding many of them in the same mountain valley where their own Waldensian ancestors had found refuge in earlier generations. The Waldensians took up residence in Italy, not far from the border of France. Waldensian Presbyterian Church perserves its ties with the original Waldensian church of Italy: Chiesa Evangelica Valdese (Waldensian Evangelical Church) and its subsequent settlement in Uruguay and Argentina, South America: Iglesia Evangelica Valdense (Waldensian . Over a third of the force perished during the 130-mile trek. In addition to increasing its membership, the Church is dedicated to communicating the message, based on the Gospels, that believers are set free by Christ for personal and public responsibility. The Church often pursues this program by taking clear, progressive, even controversial stands on issues in public life related to the struggle for a state free of clerical and sectarian interests. They later began to see the Eucharist as merely symbolic of Christ and rejected confession to priests. Protestant rulers in northern Europe offered sanctuary to the remaining Waldensians. The greatest opponent to the Waldensian myth in America was church historian Philip Schaff. Originally known as the "Poor Men of Lyon" in the late twelfth century,[1][2][3] the movement spread to the Cottian Alps in what are today France and Italy. This movement was called "The Poor of Lyons" in France and "Poor . The Waldensians (also known variously as Waldenses (/wldnsiz, wl-/), Vallenses, Valdesi or Vaudois) are a Christian movement and religious cultural group which appeared first in Lyon and spread to the Cottian Alps in the late 1170s. The Waldensian Hosiery Mill was established in 1901 and the yarn factory, Valdese Manufacturing Company, in 1913. It joined with the Reform Movement and they were violently persecuted, only able to maintain resistance in the Alpine valleys of the Piedmont. "Waldensian Church and Cemetery of Stone Prairie (The Waldensian Presbyterian Church and Cemetery) is a historic Waldensian church in Monett, Missouri. Our Regions. The American Waldensian Society aims to foster dialogue and partnership among Waldensian Churches in Italy and South America and Christian churches within North America in order to promote a compelling vision of Waldensian Christian witness for North America. Ma si aspetta ancora una legge", "Il Libro di Mormon: Anticipating Growth beyond Italy's Waldensian Valleys", "Medieval New York: Waldensians in New York City", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Chiesa Evangelica Valdese Unione delle chiese metodiste e valdesi, Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online, The Waldensian Movement From Waldo to the Reformation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldensians&oldid=1140984243, Italy, Switzerland, France, Germany, Argentina, United States, Uruguay, and elsewhere. The following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total. About the earlier history of the Waldenses considerable uncertainty exists because of a lack of extant source material. The church now known as Waldensian Presbyterian Church continues as an active Presbyterian Church. Newsletter for and about the American Waldensian Society, the Waldensian Church in America, and other Waldensian synods world-wide. In 1979, the Waldensian Church entered into union with the Methodist Church and in 1990 decided on a closer collaboration with the Baptists. The building and cemetery are well-maintained and in good condition. [29][27], Saccho gave the following charges against the Waldensians:[25], The Waldensians were associated by councils and papal decrees with the Cathars; however they differed radically from them: the Waldensians never accepted Gnostic views, they did not reject the sacraments in total and did not believe in mysticism. Waldensians began as followers of Peter Valdo or Waldo (1140-1217), who gave all he had to the poor, and . The Waldensian Church today embraces approximately 30,000 members in Italy and 15,000 in Argentina-Uruguay. The Waldensian Church of Italy has survived to the present day. They successfully re-established their presence in the Piedmont and drove out the Catholic settlers, but they continued to be besieged by French and Piedmontese troops. When the news of the Reformation reached the Waldensian Valleys, the Tavola Valdese decided to seek fellowship with the nascent Protestantism. . The contemporary and historic Waldensian spiritual heritage describes itself as proclaiming the Gospel, serving the marginalized, promoting social justice, fostering inter-religious work, and advocating respect for religious diversity and freedom of conscience. The little group suffered years of massacre, rape, and pillaging during the Catholic Church's attempt to stomp it. The delegates at a recent presbytery meeting came from three congregations. 208 Rodoret Street South. [109][110][111] The strong German Protestant support for the Waldensian diaspora community in Italyleading staff of the Gustavus Adolphus Union (GAW) praised them as one of the most interesting churches of all[112]was not confined to a theological fascination. Their descendants still consider themselves both Mormon and Waldensian, and have met occasionally over the many decades to celebrate both heritages.[127][128][129][130]. The Church has succeeded in gaining . With the outbreak of the Uruguayan Civil War they had fled violence in the Uruguayan countryside, traveling first back to Europe then across the Northern Atlantic to New York and by train to southern Missouri. They are reported to have unleashed an unprovoked campaign of looting, rape, torture, and murder. "La 'Confesion de f' de los Valdenses llamada del ano 1120" (August 1935). Inquisitor Reyenerious, AD 1250, and extracted by Allix (Chap. [112] Based on these experiences, the first town-twinning partnership between Germany and France was signed 1950 between Ludwigsburg and the Protestant exclave Montbliard, again based on a special connection of the Wrttemberg Landeskirche. They are members of the Community of Protestant Churches in Europe and its affiliates worldwide. Although the grant placed no restrictions on. The Constitution of the Italian Republic granted the Waldensian Church freedom of worship in 1948, but these rights were not signed into law until 1984. pl.n. [44] However, he admitted that his reasoning on this etymology did not have the support of the literature of his day because these sources, he said, contained many errors. [115][116], After 1945, the Evangelical Church in Germany led by Theophil Wurm (who was also Bishop of Wrttemberg) issued the Stuttgart Declaration of Guilt and actively contributed to reconciliation efforts with Italy (and France) based on relationships with the diaspora. Deaths in the Massacre of Mrindol ranged from hundreds to thousands, depending on the estimates, and several villages were devastated.[64]. 208 Rodoret Street South | PO Box 398 | Valdese, NC 28690. [77] Petr Chelick was influenced by the Waldensians very early in his life, as there existed Waldensian congregations in the area of his birth. Some were flayed alive, some were roasted alive, some disemboweled; or tied to trees in their own orchards, and their hearts cut out. [85][full citation needed] Some Anabaptist and Baptist authors have pointed to the Waldensians as an example of earlier Christians who were not a part of the Catholic Church, and who held beliefs they interpreted to be similar to their own. "Old Waldensian: Some linguistic and editorial observations". Tel: 0121 932179. The Swiss and French Reformed churches sent William Farel and Anthony Saunier to attend the meeting of Chanforan, which convened on 12October 1532. The church in New York City was disbanded by the mid-1990s. These "Invincibles" continued their assaults until the Duke finally relented and agreed to negotiate. Many scholars consider Waldensian . Baptist authors like John L. Waller also linked their origins to the Waldensians. Others claim that Waldensian Church history can be traced back to the Apostles. When the Waldensians were exiled a second time, Arnaud accompanied them in their exile to Schnenberg, and continued to act as their pastor until his death. [75], The present Waldensian Church considers itself to be a Protestant church of the Reformed tradition originally framed by Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin. Despite the controversies Waldensian gender roles generated in the Middle Ages, comparatively little in the way of scholarship exists in this area. Alberto de' Capitanei, archdeacon of Cremona, responded to the bull by organizing a crusade to fulfill its order and launched a military offensive in the provinces of Dauphin and Piedmont. Today, this organization continues as the American Waldensian Society. 2202 - Waldensian - Dr Gay in pulpit of church.jpg 2,711 2,476; 1.36 MB. Others were buried alive. [9][10], Congregations continue to be active in Europe (particularly in the Piedmont region of Northern Italy), South America, and North America. Oliver Cromwell, then ruler in England, began petitioning on behalf of the Waldensians, writing letters, raising contributions, calling a general fast in England and threatening to send military forces to the rescue. In January 1655, the Duke of Savoy commanded the Waldensians to attend Mass or remove to the upper valleys of their homeland, giving them twenty days in which to sell their lands. The Rev. of Giorgio Tourns I Valdesi (1974); written through the prism of modern historico-critical scholarship, the Tourn work was the first restatement of the Waldensian experience in half a century. Arnaud and others now sought help of the allied European powers. In the launch decades AWS priorities abroad included earthquake relief (1908, Sicily), the building (1914) of the landmark Piazza Cavour Church in Rome, care of children orphaned by WWI, and, at home, across the major European immigration years, assisting in the settlement of Italian Protestant immigrants and formation of Italian language Protestant churches. [citation needed], In 1179, Waldo and one of his disciples went to Rome, where Pope Alexander III and the Roman Curia welcomed them. (A side note: Long story, but there was a period of time when Pierce City was spelled Peirce City.) They founded communities in New York City; Boston; Chicago; Monett, Missouri; Galveston, Texas; Rochester, New York; Hunter, Utah; and Ogden, Utah. In October 2013, the Waldensian Church in Italy (Chiesa Valdese), through its participation in Italy's Otto per Mille program, awarded Princeton Theological Seminary a grant to expand the collection of books and periodicals in the Theological Commons. In 1969, the Church established a mission in Barrio Nuevo, which became a soup kitchen for Saturdays and Sundays, for 500 poor families. The Waldensian Church, although a small Protestant Church in a predominantly Catholic country, is well known for its social engagement and programs, and so it receives a portion of the Otto per Mille funds which is higher than its own membership. The Waldensian Presbyterian Church (1896-99) in Valdese, North Carolina, is an integral A. The Waldensian churches have been part of the Presbyterian denomination since 1875. . The society is friend to those who . [123], Since colonial times there have been Waldensians who sailed to America, as marked by the presence of them in New Jersey and Delaware. Vinay, Valdo (December 1972), "Mmoires de George Morel: l'importanza del codice valdese c-5-18 (Ms. Jean Lger, Siegmund Jacob Baumgartens, Johann Jacob Korn (1750), Last edited on 22 February 2023, at 19:36, Community of Protestant Churches in Europe, Union of Methodist and Waldensian Churches, Evangelical Waldensian Church of Ro de la Plata, Federation of Evangelical Churches in Italy, Union of Waldensian and Methodist Churches, List of Italian religious minority politicians, "Le religioni in Italia: Il movimento valdese", "Patto di integrazione globale tra le chiese metodiste e valdesi", "Per un patto tra la Chiesa Assemblee di Dio e la Chiesa valdese", "Medieval Sourcebook: Accusations against the Waldensians", "Philip Schaff: History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. The Waldensian Ghetto. The new settlers were free in their religious services, and kept holding them in French till the 19th century. [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][self-published source?] [45][46]:247 Other historians such as Melchior Goldast stated that the name insabbatati was because of Sabbath keeping in the manner of Jews. The Roman Inquisitor Reinerus Sacho, writing c.1230, held the sect of the Vaudois to be of great antiquity, thus preceding Waldo by centuries. The League of Augsburg was formed in 1686 under Orange, who promised support to Arnaud. [63], Outside the Piedmont, the Waldenses joined the local Protestant churches in Bohemia, France, and Germany. Organizations, such as the American Waldensian Society,[11] maintain the history of the movement and declare their mission as "proclaiming the Christian Gospel, serving the marginalized, promoting social justice, fostering inter-religious work, and advocating respect for religious diversity and freedom of conscience."[12]. The following is an update on South American Waldensian mission and church life. In the renewed persecution, and in an echo of the Piedmont Easter Massacre of only three decades earlier, the Duke issued an edict on 31 January 1686 that decreed the destruction of all the Vaudois churches and that all inhabitants of the Valleys should publicly announce their error in religion within fifteen days under penalty of death and banishment. It was a translation of the true text into the rather rude Low Latin of the second century. We seek to generate funding that assists their ministry. Gray Jackson Freeman October 23, 2014 - November 5, 2022 Gray Jackson Freeman, 8, of Valdese, passed away Saturday, Nov. 5, 2022, at UNC Blue Ridge Valdese. From the period of the unification of Italy (1861-1870) onward, the Waldensians and other Evangelical denominations enjoyed religious freedom. As Waldensian churches in Italy became more self-supporting, the focus of the Aid Society shifted towards Protestant churches. As of 2016[update] the Waldensian Church of the Ro de La Plata (which forms a united church with the Waldensian Evangelical Church) has approximately 40 congregations and 15,000 members shared between Uruguay and Argentina. As a result of the conference, the Waldensians officially modified some of their previous positions such as their rejection of secular courts. It was once held that the Waldenses were first taught by Paul the Apostle who visited Spain and then allegedly traveled on to Piedmont. [34][35] While the Inquisitor Reinerius Saccho in the 12th century also spoke about the dangers of the Waldenses for among other reasons its antiquity "some say that it has lasted from the time of Sylvester, others, from the time of the Apostles. The Waldensians were influences to the Zwickau Prophets who came out in support of believer's baptism. At that time, the Catholic Church was the main religious power in Europe). . In the ensuing decades the sending abroad of volunteers in mission would become a signal AWS endeavor. By mid-April, when it became clear that the Duke's efforts to force the Vaudois to conform to Catholicism had failed, he tried another approach. A Christian sect of dissenters that originated in southern France in the late 1100s and adopted Calvinist doctrines in the 1500s. By the time of Italian unification, the Waldensian had congregations throughout the peninsula, some originated by preaching, others by migration. Protestant theology in Germany was interested in the doctrinal antiquity and apostolic continuity being expressed by the Waldensian faith. Join WPC for Online Services Click Here for WPC YOUTUBE Services 8:30am Worship - Sundays They were nearly annihilated in the 17th century. While the Waldensians have only about 25,000 enlisted members, more than 600,000 Italians are willing to support the Waldensian community and its charitable works. The Waldensians joined the Reformed church in Geneva at the Synod of Chanforan in 1532. The Waldensian church was able to gain converts by building schools in some of the poorer regions of Italy, including Sicily. The French commander was so confident of completing his job the next morning that he sent a message to Paris that the Waldensian force had already been destroyed. [40], Waldo and his followers developed a system whereby they would go from town to town and meet secretly with small groups of Waldensians. The first Waldensian settlers from Italy arrived in South America in 1856. You have successfully removed Waldensian Presbyterian Church Cemetery from your Photo Volunteer cemetery list. [61] Charles I, Duke of Savoy, eventually interfered to save his territories from further turmoil and promised the Vaudois peace, but not before the offensive had devastated the area and many of the Vaudois had fled to Provence or south to Italy. Waldensians living in the Cottian Alps region of Northern Italy continued to migrate to Monett until the early 1900s, augmenting the original colony, and founded another, larger settlement in Valdese, North Carolina, in 1893. But the Vaudois remained resistant. [50] In the early Waldenses prose tracts there existed an exposition on the 10 commandments which put forth their own explanation on the 4th commandment which defended sabbath keeping. Beginning in the latter part of the 12th century, the Waldensian movement was an early forerunner of the Protestant Reformation. Presbyterian Denomination: Presbyterian Church (USA) Status: Active House of Worship. The church in New York City was disbanded by the mid-1990s.] Over centuries of persecution, the solidarity received from Protestant churches abroad was enormously important to the Waldensians. Henri Arnaud's home in Schnenberg close to tisheim is a Museum today. [68] Those that stayed behind in France and the Piedmont formed a guerilla resistance movement led by a farmer, Joshua Janavel, which lasted into the 1660s.[69]. The last decades of the century saw the AWS boards discovery of Waldensian ministry in Argentina and Uruguay, and increasing deployment as switchboard-promoter-facilitator-enabler of crossings - overseas Waldensian seminarians and leaders missions to the US and engagements in Europe and Latin America on the part of US church people. [83], Some historical writers suggest Waldensian beliefs came from missionaries from the early church and that their history may have its origins in the apostolic age,[84] though this idea itself stems from Baptist Successionism, an idea that was very popular among some 19thcentury Church historians but has been largely rejected by modern scholars in the field. They adopted the Huguenot Reformed Confession of faith, of the so called Synod "De la Rochelle" of 1559 (but it was really the Paris Synod, their first Huguenot General Assembly). The sick and the aged were burned alive in their dwellings. American Waldensian Society, 208 Rodoret Street S, Valdese, NC (2023) But about two or three hundred Vaudois fled to the hills and began carrying out a guerilla war over the next year against the Catholic settlers who arrived to take over the Vaudois lands. We love donations! After the fifteen days, an army of 9,000 French and Piedmontese soldiers invaded the Valleys against the estimated 2,500 Vaudois, but found that every village had organized a defense force that kept the French and Piedmontese soldiers at bay. The Waldensian Church is a member of the World Council of Churches, World Alliance of Reformed Churches,and Conference of European Churches. Although the Waldensian church was granted some rights and freedoms under French King HenryIV, with the Edict of Nantes in 1598, persecution rose again in the 17thcentury, with an extermination of the Waldensians attempted by the Duke of Savoy in 1655. Valdese became a hub of the American textile industry. Over the centuries, Waldensian churches have been established in countries as far away from France as Uruguay and the United States where the active Waldensian congregations continue the purpose of the Waldensian movement. Pope Innocent III offered the Waldensians the chance to return to the Church, and many did, taking the name "Poor Catholics". The Waldensian Presbyterian churches in the United States and the American Waldensian Society have links with the Italian-based Waldensian Evangelical Church, but, unlike the South American Waldensian communities, today they are independent institutions from the European organization. They officially adopted Reformed theology at a conference at Cianforan 1532. ", "Chiesa Evangelica Pentecostale 'L'Eterno Nostra Giustizia', "otto per mille della dichiarazione irpef alla chiesa valdese", "Italian Protestants approve same-sex blessings", "Coppie gay, storica apertura della Chiesa valdese. The American Waldensian Society was organized to: Tell the Story, Encourage Crossings and Provide Financial Support. The results of the meeting were inconclusive, and the Third Lateran Council in the same year condemned Waldo's ideas, but not the movement itself; the leaders of the movement had not yet been excommunicated. Over time, the denomination joined the Genevan or Reformed branch of Protestantism. In 2015, the Waldensian Evangelical Church sponsored the Milan Gay Pride "so that the human and civil rights of homosexual, lesbian, bisexual, transsexual and transgender people are recognized." You will no longer be notified of photo requests for this cemetery. These claims were discounted in the nineteenth century. The relationships between the Waldensian Church and the Protestant churches of the USA are strong, especially with the Presbyterian Church (USA), the Reformed Church in America, the United Methodist Church, and the United Church of Christ. In furtherance of marking the Waldensians 800 years AWS sponsored and published, in 1980, the English translation (The Waldensians, 240 pp.) The following interview, courtesy of the American Waldensian Society, is one of several interviews with Frederick that will be . Waldensian scholarship also flourished in the nineteenth century. Waldenses, also spelled Valdenses, also called Waldensians, French Vaudois, Italian Valdesi, members of a Christian movement that originated in 12th-century France, the devotees of which sought to follow Christ in poverty and simplicity. Dr. Kevin E. Frederick has been a leading figure in the Waldensian movement in the United States.On March 30, 2021, he will be retiring as pastor of the Waldensian Presbyterian Church in Valdese, North Carolina. From that date there have been several migrations, especially to Argentina, such as the town of Jacinto Aruz in the southern part of the province of LaPampa, where they arrived around 1901. It has 50,000 members (45,000 Waldensians, of whom 30,000 in Italy and some 15,000 divided between Argentina and Uruguay, and 5,000 Methodists). The movement is sometimes viewed as an early forerunner of the Reformation for its rejection of various Catholic tenets. Waldensian Evangelical Church Statue of Peter Waldoat the Luther Memorial at Worms, Germany. The Waldensian Heritage Museum and Waldensian Presbyterian Church are located in downtown Valdese, NC. Heinrich Gottlieb Kreussler's 1830 History of the Reformation contains a ballade about the fate of the Waldensians and quotes Jean Lger's[fr] History of the Waldenians (1750) (authored with Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten, published by Johann Jacob Korn) as proof of an early origin of the Waldensians. In the Piedmont, the cousin of Louis, the newly ascended Duke of Savoy, Victor Amadeus II, followed his uncle in removing the protection of Protestants in the Piedmont. The social ministry of the church always has been non-confessional and open to all, regardless of faith or creed. There, they ended up joining the local Protestant churches. [72] Those who remained in Italy have experienced upward social mobility. Harris, M. Roy (1984). The main denomination within the movement was the Waldensian Evangelical Church, the original church in Italy. As the Catholic Church indulged in excesses in the time of Constantine (Roman Emperor from 306 to 337) the account tells the Waldenses held true to their apostolic faith of poverty and piety. [66], This massacre became known as the Piedmont Easter. In 1895 the Waldensian Church in Valdese united with the Presbyterian Church, which shared similar structure and theology. Prisoners were released and fugitives permitted to return home, but despite this treaty, the Vaudois, with the other French Protestants, still suffered during the French Wars of Religion in 15621598. The Waldensians wanted a Bible that could reach more people than their Bible written in Provenal could. Waldensians held and preached a number of doctrines as they read from the Bible. In 1975, the Waldensian Church joined the Methodist Evangelical Church in Italy to form the Union of Waldensian and Methodist Churches. The Presbyterian Historical Society is a name that belies our wider affiliations. A traveling Waldensian preacher was known as a barba. If you are interested in the Waldensian Churches in Italy (North, Center, and South Italy) and in Uruguay and Argentina, in past and present you can try to find and study the following books: 1) Giorgio Tourn, You are my witnesses - The Waldensians across 800 years , Claudiana Editor 1989 - Distributed in North America by P.O. The Waldensian church is the largest Protestant denomination in a country that is overwhelmingly Catholic. By the 1920s most of the Waldensian churches and missions merged into the Presbyterian Church due to the cultural assimilation of the second and third generations. "La 'Confesion de f' de los Valdenses llamada del ano 1120" (August 1935). 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