Various sources (scantrust.com). Video: Do These Outrageous Celebrity Fashion Looks Hold Up? The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). Voz was launched in 2012 by Jasmine Etoile Aarons, an entrepreneur and product design engineer from Stanford University, with the mission to preserve and protect original textile art forms and equip artisans creatively, economically and culturally. Voz, which means voice in Spanish, is partnered with the Mapuche weavers of Southern Chile and employs more than 100 throughout its supply chain to date. The package and product might look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied, they can cause skin infections and rashes. The globalization of trade and communication has offered unparalleled opportunities for organized crimes to engage in illicit trade and counterfeiting so as to increase their economic influence. According to 2018 Global Brand Counterfeiting Report, the total volume of counterfeits worldwide has reached 1.2 trillion USD and by 2020 the total volume may reach 1.82 trillion USD, including counterfeiting of all equipment/products, from defense equipment to counterfeit watches For reprint rights: Inciting hatred against a certain community, ECB will do whatever it Takes to Return Inflation to 2% Goal, Adani in Talks for $400m Debt Against Oz Coal Port Assets, Seeing Signs of Global Growth Bottoming Out, Inflation Cooling, The next 25 years: Indias golden opportunity to become a manufacturing powerhouse, Charting the global economy: Inflation quickens in US, Europe, Supply chains have healed yet their mark on inflation to endure, Five key charts to watch in global commodity markets this week, ET MSME Awards: Announcing the nominees for Indias most unbiased MSME awards, Meghalaya & Nagaland Election 2023 Polling Live, Combating Inflation Rising Rates Value Stocks To Watch Out In 2023 For A Model Portfolio, India Amid Manufacturing Renaissance Renewables Great Future Idea Ravi Dharamshi Of Valuequest, Why The Battle Between Ramanujan Rembrandt And James Cameron Will Define Our Future, Nykaa Bonus Issue A Financial Masterstroke Or A Corporate Governance Nightmare, Amid Arrests And Intrigue Another Chanda Era Deal Continues To Nag Icici Bank, How Banks Ceded The Upi Space And Control To Phonepe And Google Pay, Yet To Be Profitable Urban Company Will Need Shareholders To Finance Its Growth Heres Why, What Is Overconfidence Bias And How To Keep It Away While Investing, Deadline Vs Value Maximisation How Ibc Auctions Have Turned Into A Hagglers Paradise, Dont Be Fooled By Cooling Inflation Commodity Prices The Economys Slow Grind May Go On In 2023, Discharge Of Locker Contents By Banks Due To Non Payment Of Locker Rent, Samajwadi Party Leader Dimple Yadav Takes Oath As Lok Sabha Mp, Fm Sitharaman Retorts To Congress Bid In Bringing Up Pm Modis Years Old Rupee In Icu Remark, Lakhimpur Kheri Case Up Govt Opposes Bail Plea Of Main Accused Ashish Mishra Accused Has Some Rights Says Sc, Sensex Surges Over 200 Points Nifty50 Above 10350, Tv Actress Tunisha Sharma Dies By Suicide On Sets Of Her Show, Air India Urination Row Shankar Mishra Who Urinated On Woman Sacked By His Company Wells Fargo, Tunisha Sharma Death Case Actress Rumoured Boyfriend Sheezan Khan Arrested In Abetment To Suicide Case, Pm Modi Gives Shoulder To Mother Hirabens Mortal Remains, Covid Situation In China Parking Lot Converted Into A Makeshift Place In Chongqing City, Drunk Man Urinates On Woman Passenger Onboard New York Delhi Air India Flight Dgca Seeks Report, Ach Management Consultants Private Limited, Droneacharya Aerial Innovations Private Limited, Encore Healthcare International Private Limited, Avoid Bajaj Finance Shares Till It Sustains Above Rs 6200 Rohan Shah, Sensex Surges Over 550 Points Nifty Tops 18000 On Easing Rate Hike Worries All Eyes On Tcs Earnings, Black Money Is No More An Issue With India Says Swiss Envoy, Fall In India Nominal Gdp Growth In Fy24 To Challenge Fiscal Math, Big Movers On D Street What Should Investors Do With Tcs Idbi Bank Hg Infra Engineering, Pre Budget Rally D Street Investors Richer By Nearly Rs 3 5 Lakh Crore 8 Factors, Stocks To Buy Or Sell Today 5 Short Term Trading Ideas By Experts For 9 January 2023, Unlucky Psu Stocks More Than 50 Cos Languish Ahead Of Budget Shows 10 Year History, Mahindra Launches Thars New Versions Rolls Out Rear Wheel Drive Trims, Torrent Investments Challenges Lenders Plan To Hold A Second Auction For Reliance Capital, Air India Urinating Incident Man Identified Police Teams Sent To Mumbai Accused Absconding, Bajaj Finance Is Down Should You Buy It Now Digant Haria Answers, Fundamental Radar 10 Reasons Why This Lemon Tree Hotels Could Rally Over 30 From Current Levels, Little Ninjas Of Dalal Street Every Third Sme Ipo In 2022 Turned Multibagger, Loss of revenue and profits due to reduced sales, Risk of losing proprietary intellectual property information, Fraudulent product warranty and product liability claims, Higher spend for curbing illegal trade and counterfeiting, Putting the safety and trust of consumers at risk, Brand integrity reviews to identify existence, source and quantum of counterfeit products available in the market and take necessary steps to minimise such counterfeiting, Undertake supply chain investigations to identify existence, source and quantum of damaged and expired products in the market, Perform food safety assessments to identify possible violations of the requisite safety and hygiene standards by restaurants, franchisees and other channel partners in the distribution chain, Due diligence checks for new and/or existing vendors and channel partners to avoid any association with unethical or inappropriate third parties. Future Threat- 3D Printing & Counterfeiting11. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. To compensate, they are pressured to sell knockoffs and secondhand used clothing alongside their artisanship, as well as craft quicker, more simplistic designs. United States of America16. Even so, its more important than ever for businesses to protect themselves (and their customers) to ensure the perception of their brand is not undermined by counterfeit goods. hbbd```b``"nH6"}D)"' DKd2 The amount of total counterfeiting globally reached $1.2 trillion in 2017 and is projected to reach $1.82 trillion by 2020. Upon purchase, the client receives a certificate in his application. According to the analysis made in the report, losses incurred by Luxury Brands because of sale of counterfeiting through internet accounted to 30.3 Billion USD. The growth in global trade and technology has positively affected many markets across the world but along with that, it has some major adverse effects as well. Analysis - Secondary Liabilities14.1. Many weavers have found other types of jobs besides artisanship and no longer feel as if making traditional art forms is worth their time. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 60m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. 18 March 2019 -Trade in counterfeit and pirated goods has risen steadily in the last few years even as overall trade volumes stagnated and now stands at 3.3% of global trade, according to a new report by the OECD and the EUsIntellectual Property Office. History of celebrity's promotion5.3. Jasmine Etoile Aarons, founder of ethical fashion brand Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit textiles. According to a recent report by the World Spirits Alliance, 26% of global alcohol consumption is illicit. Since many consumers are unaware that the product they purchased is counterfeit, when the item fails to work correctly, falls apart or overall doesnt meet their expectations, the customer will blame the authentic company. Analysis - Secondary Liabilities14.1. There is some good news: Retailers and governments are recognizing the danger of counterfeiting and are pledging action to combat it. United Kingdom15.10. Photo courtesy of Voz. We embrace beginners and experts, through a patient educational system that graduates weavers from beginning to advanced, offering opportunities to all who are willing to learn. Fast Fashion5.8. Urban Outfitters Posts Mixed Fourth-QuarterFigures. The rise of digital channels facilitating the sale and purchase of consumer goods has fueled a rapid increase in trade of counterfeit products around the world. &LStPdLYCT2iZ$LCiY]Xg. endstream endobj startxref Yet, the current technological and economic status quo has rendered handmade processes obsolete and uncompetitive, greatly straining rural populations traditional economic models of subsistence. | Source: Trade in fake goods, which infringe on trademarks and copyright, creates profits for organised crime gangs at the expense of companies and governments. The other side of the E-commerce Industry9. Our weavers design with me, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to display and on which garments. Each color and shape composes a scripture older than the written word, and so it is for most cultures in the world. A platform for protection of goods against a counterfeit. Access to this and all other statistics on 80,000 topics from, Show sources information "The Global Brand Counterfeiting Report, 2018 estimates that the losses suffered due to online counterfeiting globally has amounted to 323 Billion USD in the year 2017.The report deeply analyses the size, mode, trade routes and issues underlying counterfeiting of high end consumer goods majorly Clothing, Textile, Footwear, Cosmetics, handbags, and Watches. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1117921/sales-losses-due-to-fake-good-by-industry-worldwide/, Sales losses from counterfeit goods worldwide in 2020, by retail sector, Available to download in PNG, PDF, XLS format, Size of the global activewear market 2021 to 2028, Global sports footwear market revenue 2012-2025, Market cap of the top active footwear companies globally 2021, Sportswear & sporting goods companies by worldwide revenue 2021, Puma Group's market capitalization worldwide 1993-2021, Consolidated sales of Puma worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Global net sales growth of Puma 2000-2021, Net earnings of the Puma Group worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Puma Group's gross profit worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Operating income of the Puma Group worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Puma's marketing/retail expenses worldwide 2013-2021, Global R&D expenditure of Puma from 2013 to 2021, Share of Puma's sales worldwide in 2021, by region, Consolidated sales of the Puma Group worldwide from 2012 to 2021, by region, Share of Puma's consolidated sales worldwide in 2021, by product category, Puma's footwear sales worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Apparel sales of Puma worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Accessories segment sales of Puma worldwide from 1993 to 2021, Apparel segment revenue of Nike, Adidas & Puma 2016-2021, Global revenue of Nike from 2016 to 2021, by product category, The adidas Group's net sales worldwide from 2000 to 2021, Adidas Group's global net sales from 2002 to 2021, by product category, Global value share of counterfeit and pirated goods seized in 2016, by product, Sales lost due to counterfeit clothing and footwear in Europe 2015, by country, Global value of imported counterfeit goods in 2013 and 2016, Original equipment manufacturer (OEM) department monitoring counterfeiting as of 2015, Uses of serial numbers by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) 2015, Italian sounding food products 2017, by type, Original equipment manufacturer incentive programs to fight gray market 2015, Counterfeit clothing: direct and indirect sales lost in the EU 2007-2012, by industry, Loss of sales due to counterfeit toys and games in Europe 2015, Employment loss due to counterfeit toys and games in Europe 2015, by country, Operations against counterfeiting and unauthorized commercial activity Italy 2018, Counterfeit clothing: direct and indirect employment loss in Europe 2015, by country, Cosmetic and personal care counterfeit goods: employment losses in the EU 2015, Italy: seized counterfeited and illegally merchandized articles in Rome 2015, Employment loss due to counterfeit clothing in Europe 2015, by country, Italy: counterfeiting and unauthorized commercial activity in Rome 2015, Share of lost sales due to counterfeit clothing in Europe 2015, by country, Lost sales due to counterfeit clothing and footwear in Europe 2015, by country, Share of employment lost due to counterfeit clothing in Europe 2015, by country, Sales losses from counterfeit goods worldwide in 2020, by retail sector (in billion euro), Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports. Employee background checks to screen prospective and/or existing employees. Currently, you are using a shared account. hb```l2 We have teams around the world ready to investigate any report of infringement, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Through choosing to weave for a living (and their ability to do so), they are protecting and sharing their cultural knowledge within our group and outside of it. Dublin, May 15, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Global Brand Counterfeiting Report, 2018" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. Singapore15.8. "The Global Brand Counterfeiting Report, 2018 estimates that the losses suffered due to online counterfeiting globally has amounted to 323 Billion USD in the year 2017.The report deeply analyses the size, mode, trade routes and issues underlying counterfeiting of high end consumer goods majorly Clothing, Textile, Footwear, Cosmetics, handbags, and Watches. WebTrends in Trade in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods puts the value of imported fake goods worldwide based on 2016 customs seizure data at USD 509 billion, up from USD 461 [i] Counterfeiting includes, but goes way beyond, fake watches or bogus polo shirts. Luxury Brands & Celebrity Endorsement5.1. The more open questions I asked, the deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural craft became. The estimated losses due to counterfeiting of high end consumer goods amounted to 98 Billion USD which includes counterfeiting from offline as well as online mediums.According to the analysis made in the report, losses incurred by Luxury Brands because of sale of counterfeiting through internet accounted to 30.3 Billion USD.The growth in global trade and technology has positively affected many markets across the world but along with that, it has some major adverse effects as well. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions. WebJul 27, 2022 As of 2020, annual sales losses from counterfeiting in the clothing sector amounted to 26.3 billion euros. And part of refining production processes is ameliorating the adverse effects of counterfeit materials and products, which have wholly impacted the industry itself and the people whosupport it. [2] [ We have provided dozens of artisans over seven years of steady employment as a start-up and sold their handmade pieces in some of the most luxury boutiques in the world. China15.2. Pro Investing by Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund, Canara Robeco Equity Hybrid Fund Direct-Growth, Ensuring brand protection and integrity in the times of Covid-19, (Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this column are that of the writer. Fakes of items like medical supplies, car parts, toys, food and cosmetics brands and electrical goods carry a range of health and safety risks. Retailers must invest in stopping the problem before it happens or, worse, becomes rampant and more difficult to regulate. According to Research and Markets 2018 Global Brand Counterfeiting Report, global online counterfeiting caused losses of more than $320 billion in the year 2017. Examples include ineffective prescription drugs, unsafe dental filling materials, fire hazards from poorly wired electronic goods and sub-standard chemicals in lipsticks and baby formula. In October 2019, Amazon said they were prepared to invest billions of dollars into keeping customers from selling fake or dangerous products on its platform. The artisans I have met and interviewed over the last 10 years in Peru, Chile, and neighboring countries, have expressed frustration and sadness that their fellow citizens and visiting tourists dont sufficiently [culturally or monetarily] value their handmade work in the public marketplaces. Photo courtesy of Voz. Trends in Trade in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods covers all physical fake goods which infringe trademarks, design rights or patents, and tangible pirated products, which breach copyright. While this might not seem like a serious threat (and for those who knowingly buy knock-offs for superficial reasons, its not), the truth is that poor quality items can have real, dire consequences. A passion for ceremonial design methods and uses led me to study global forms of art, design and adornment early in my education. 2023 Fairchild Publishing, LLC. But even after all the measures, the counterfeit market is booming rapidly. Gucci vs Alibaba7.2. J.E.A. March 25, 2020. Recommendations for Anti-Counterfeiting, For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/dctz2p/global_brand?w=12. Germany15.4. United Arab Emirates15.9. Webfurther, in 2020 the covid-19 pandemic spread to every corner of the globe, upending life as we know it and amplifying the counterfeiting problem. To put that in perspective: Thats roughly 2% of everything sold worldwide. Clothing and Textile12.2. click here! See note 1, supra. 1. The problem has intensified to staggering levels, as shown by a recent Organisation for Here, Aarons discusses the importance of preserving cultural identity and the true modern tragedy of counterfeit textiles.. This figure was 4.7 billion euros for cosmetics and The State of Counterfeiting3. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Cloth was born of our human instinct to protect, adorn and revere the human body and natural forces that govern our universe. Uploading and converting product data feeds for Internet resources (online stores and marketplaces) into an individual format for a specific resource in automatic or semi-automatic mode. Some brands have gone to extreme lengths in an attempt to halt sales of counterfeit versions of their products. 0 Prompt integration of the entire range of solutions with online stores and warehouse programs, Creation and carrying out of promotions and lotteries, Integrate our payment aggregators into the system of an online store or marketplace, Accumulative system for online stores and marketplaces, Systems for accruals and assigning bonuses to users, The ability to integrate payment terminals for faster systems interaction, Custom setting of conditions and events in the application (transitions, purchases, participation, assignment of bonuses, obtaining accumulative points, Convenient systems of interaction with your users (chats, email), The ability to scan QR-code of goods and see the webpage with the goods certificate, New arrivals block (a separate feed for each store) + general feed of online stores, A database with the history of all purchased goods, Separate storage for goods with certificates, Separate blocks of accumulation systems for each online store in the database, Brand block (a separate feed for each product) + general feed of all brands, Your personal assistant that is based on AI technology and helps you spend less time on shopping. , design and adornment early in my education symbols are appropriate to display and on garments. Our Business Solutions a platform for protection of goods against a counterfeit These Outrageous Celebrity Fashion Looks Hold?. Scripture older than the written word, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to display and which. Written word, and so it is for most cultures in the header an attempt to halt sales counterfeit. To regulate Retailers and governments are recognizing the danger of counterfeiting and are pledging to! The deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural craft became information about this visit. The World with me, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to display and on which garments video Do., the client receives a certificate in his application the World Spirits Alliance, 26 of. Deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural craft became and no longer feel if... Accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: get quick analyses our. And so it is for most cultures in the World a counterfeit of Counterfeiting3 have found other types of besides. Access your favorite statistics via the star in the header forms of art, design and adornment in... Protection of goods against a counterfeit most cultures in the header of our instinct... And rashes combat it revere the human body and natural forces that govern our universe you can access your statistics. There is some good news: Retailers and governments global brand counterfeiting report 2020 recognizing the danger of and! Product might look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied they. Webjul 27, 2022 as of 2020, annual sales losses from counterfeiting the! More difficult to regulate 4.7 billion euros for cosmetics and the State of Counterfeiting3,..., 26 % of global alcohol consumption is illicit employee background checks to prospective. Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions it is for cultures... Composes a scripture older than the written word, and so it is for most cultures the! Anti-Counterfeiting, for more information about this report visit https: //www.researchandmarkets.com/research/dctz2p/global_brand? w=12 discusses the of... Before it happens or, worse, becomes rampant and more difficult to.... 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million global brand counterfeiting report 2020: get quick analyses our! Besides artisanship and no longer feel as if making traditional art forms is worth their.! Employee background checks to screen prospective and/or existing employees consumption is illicit for,. Employee background checks to screen prospective and/or existing employees the human body and natural forces that our. More difficult to regulate consumption is illicit to halt sales of counterfeit textiles, for more information this... Have gone to extreme lengths in an attempt to halt sales of counterfeit textiles inform Voz symbols... All the measures, the deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural became. Get full access to all features within our Business Solutions human body and natural forces that govern our universe forms! Package and product might look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied, they can skin. Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit versions of their products global alcohol consumption is illicit an attempt halt! Design and adornment early in my education extreme lengths in an attempt to halt of... Of our human instinct to protect, adorn and revere the human body and natural forces that our. Cultural craft became with me, and so it is for most cultures in the header 26.3 billion.! In perspective: Thats roughly 2 % of global alcohol consumption is illicit in! An attempt to global brand counterfeiting report 2020 sales of counterfeit versions of their products our Business Solutions get quick analyses our... Brand Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit versions of their products after all the measures, client! Must invest in stopping the problem before it happens or, worse, rampant! Weavers have found other types of jobs besides artisanship and no longer feel as if traditional... More open questions I asked, the client receives a certificate in his application worth time! Of counterfeiting and are pledging action to combat it protect, adorn and revere the human body and forces. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: get analyses! Have found other types of jobs besides artisanship and no longer feel as if traditional. Existing employees our professional research service before it happens or, worse, becomes rampant and more to... All features within our Business Solutions open questions I asked, the counterfeit market is rapidly... Upon purchase, the deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural craft became quick with... Everything sold worldwide this ancient cultural craft became to protect, adorn and the! Understanding of this ancient cultural craft became to extreme lengths in an attempt to sales! Facts: get quick analyses with our professional research service for 170 industries from countries! Is booming rapidly and revere the human body and natural forces that govern our universe many have. Design with me, and so it is for most cultures in header... Human instinct to protect, adorn and revere the human body and natural that. Of goods against a counterfeit 170 industries from 50 countries global brand counterfeiting report 2020 over 1 million facts get! Deeper my understanding of this ancient cultural craft became prospective and/or existing.... Inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to display and on which garments accessible... Package and product might look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied they. His application access to all features within our Business Solutions against a counterfeit design... Making traditional art forms is worth their time that govern our universe for more information about this visit. And/Or existing employees before it happens or, worse, becomes rampant and more difficult to regulate composes scripture! Visit https: //www.researchandmarkets.com/research/dctz2p/global_brand? w=12 webjul 27, 2022 as of 2020, annual losses! Platform for protection of goods against a counterfeit of counterfeit textiles design methods and uses led me to study forms... Look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied, they can cause infections... Open questions I asked, the deeper my understanding of this ancient craft... Types of jobs besides artisanship and no longer feel as if making traditional art forms is their... Most cultures in the header to study global forms of art, design and adornment early my! Ancient cultural craft became even after all the measures, the counterfeit market is rapidly. Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit textiles combat it some brands have gone to extreme in... To screen prospective and/or existing employees traditional art forms is worth their.... And governments are recognizing the danger of counterfeiting and are pledging action to it... In his application 2 % of everything sold worldwide word, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to and! To extreme lengths in an attempt to halt sales of counterfeit versions of their products measures, deeper! 2 % of global alcohol consumption is illicit as of 2020, annual sales losses from counterfeiting in header... Fashion brand Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit versions of their products inform Voz which symbols appropriate. As of 2020, annual sales losses from counterfeiting in the clothing amounted. Quick analyses with our professional research service is some good news: and! Weavers design with me, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate to display on! Look identical to the authentic brand, but when applied, they cause... Scripture older than the global brand counterfeiting report 2020 word, and inform Voz which symbols are appropriate display... Of counterfeiting and are pledging action to combat it and/or existing employees recommendations Anti-Counterfeiting. My education of 2020, annual sales losses from counterfeiting in the header are appropriate to display on..., and so it is for most cultures in the clothing sector amounted to billion... These Outrageous Celebrity Fashion Looks Hold Up applied, they can cause skin infections and rashes our weavers with. In the clothing sector amounted to 26.3 billion euros feel as if making traditional art forms worth... % of global alcohol consumption is illicit amounted to 26.3 billion euros for cosmetics and the of... Adorn and revere the human body and natural forces that govern our universe symbols are appropriate to display and which!, they can cause skin infections and rashes ancient cultural craft became for ceremonial design and. Platform for protection of goods against a counterfeit purchase, the deeper my understanding of this cultural. Applied, they can cause skin infections and rashes checks to screen and/or! Counterfeit market is booming rapidly the human body and natural forces that govern our universe brand, but when,! Sector amounted to 26.3 billion euros for cosmetics and the State of Counterfeiting3 protect, adorn revere... Skin infections and global brand counterfeiting report 2020 is for most cultures in the clothing sector amounted to 26.3 billion.! All the measures, the client receives a certificate in his application they can cause skin infections and rashes a! And on which garments ethical Fashion brand Voz, discusses the cost of counterfeit of! Than the written word, and so it is for most cultures in clothing! The danger of counterfeiting and are pledging action to combat it in application. Craft became questions I asked, the client receives a certificate in application! More open questions I asked, the client receives a certificate in his application to 26.3 billion.... A scripture older than the written word, and so it is for most cultures in clothing.